tricarboxylic acid cycle การใช้

• Oxalosuccinic acid / oxalosuccinate is an unstable 6-carbon intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
• Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase links the propionyl-CoA degradation byproduct of these macromolecules to the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
• The final product of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity is succinyl-CoA which is a tricarboxylic acid cycle substrate.
• This is the first step in the glyoxylate bypass, an alternative to the tricarboxylic acid cycle in bacteria, fungi and plants.
• These diseases affect the power plants of the cell ( mitochondria ) and specifically a part of the mitochondria, namely the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle.
• The combination of inhibited urea synthesis and poor protein metabolism, as well as a weakly replenished tricarboxylic acid cycle contribute to the symptoms of methylmalonic acidemia.
• Dr . Blass research has concentrated on brain metabolism and metabolic diseases of the brain, particularly diseases affecting the mitochondria and specifically the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle.
• The degradation product, glycolic acid, is nontoxic, and it can enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle, after which it is excreted as water and carbon dioxide.
• The glyoxylate cycle utilizes five of the eight enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle : citrate synthase, aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase.
• Aside from the role of PC in gluconeogenesis, PC serves an tricarboxylic acid cycle ( essential to provide oxaloacetate ), when intermediates are removed for different biosynthetic purposes.
• Furthermore, it has been suggested that as many as 7 out of 10 proteins in glycolysis and 7 out of 8 enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle exhibit moonlighting behavior.
• Unlike the latter, the genome of " R . prowazekii ", however, contains a complete set of genes encoding for the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the respiratory chain complex.
• This gene encodes one of four nuclear-encoded subunits that comprise succinate dehydrogenase, also known as mitochondrial complex II, a key enzyme complex of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and aerobic respiratory chains of mitochondria.
• The generally accepted route for itaconate is via glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and a decarboxylation of " cis "-aconitate to itaconate via " cis "-aconitate-decarboxylase.
• CoA is important in energy metabolism for pyruvate to enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle ( TCA cycle ) as acetyl-CoA, and for ?-ketoglutarate to be transformed to succinyl-CoA in the cycle.
• The mitochondrial isoenzyme is involved in the Krebs Cycle ( also known as the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle [ TCA ] or the Citric Acid Cycle ), and the cytosolic isoenzyme is involved in the metabolism of amino acids and fumarate.
• (" R " )-Methylmalonyl-CoA is converted to succinyl-CoA, an intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, by methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, an enzyme requiring cobalamin to catalyze the carbon-carbon bond migration.
• This occurs because the conversion of propionate into methylmalonyl-Coenzyme A ( a vitamin B-12-dependent reaction ) is rate-limiting and hence the ability of the animal to channel propionate into the tricarboxylic acid cycle is considerably reduced.
• This is due to the fact that the beta oxidation of long chain fatty acids with an odd number of carbons produces propionyl-CoA . Most part of this metabolite is transformed into succinyl-CoA, which is the precursor of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
• The degradation of odd chain fatty acids releases Acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA . Propionyl-CoA is then converted to succinyl-CoA, and both succinyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA are interjected into the tricarboxylic acid cycle for continued production of reductant.